On May 4, Israel launched a series of deadly airstrikes on the besieged Gaza Strip, prompting a response from various resistance groups. At least 25 Palestinians were killed and nearly 200 people wounded in the Israeli attacks. Four Israelis were also killed by Palestinian rockets. The clashes were instigated by Israel, when its military killed four Palestinians in Gaza on May 3. Two were killedwhile protesting along the fence separating Gaza from Israel. They were participating in the Great March of Return — a protracted nonviolent Palestinian protest demanding an end to the Israeli siege. The other two were killed in an airstrike that targeted a Hamas post in the central Gaza Strip. Why did Benjamin Netanyahu choose such timing to bomb Gaza? It would have made more sense to attack in the run-up to the general elections. For months prior to the April 9 vote, Netanyahu was repeatedly accused of being soft on Hamas. Although desperate for support, Netanyahu refrained from a major operation against Gaza because of the inherent risk in such attacks, as seen in the botched Israeli incursioninto Khan Yunis on Nov. 11. Netanyahu could have lost the close-fought election had he failed. Following his victory, the soon-to-be-longest-serving Israeli prime minister has the necessary political capital to launch wars on a whim. Israeli politics featured heavily in the latest Gaza onslaught. Netanyahu is in the final stages of forming a new coalition; yet another government of like-minded far-right religious zealots and ultra-nationalist politicians, which, he admits, is not easy. “It’s not a simple job and there are different aspects — giving out portfolios, control over the state budget and many other challenges,” Netanyahu saidat a Likud party meeting on April 30. If Netanyahu succeeds, he will form his fifth government — four of them being consecutive. However, his main challenge is to reconcile the various potential coalition partners. Netanyahu wishes to include six parties in his new government: His own, Likud, which has 35 seats in the Knesset, the religious extremist parties of Shas (8 seats) and United Torah Judaism (8), along with the ultra-nationalist Avigdor Lieberman’s Yisrael Beiteinu (5), the newly formed Union of Right-Wing Parties (5), and the centrist Kulanu (4). “Netanyahu is keen to include all six parties in his government to provide a semblance of stability and prevent a narrow majority that will be at the mercy of a single disgruntled party threatening to quit,” reportedIsraeli But how is Netanyahu to maintain peace among these vastly different allies and how is that relevant to the bombing of Gaza? Netanyahu bombed Gaza because it is the only unifying demand among all of his allies. He needed to assure them of his commitment to keeping pressure on the Palestinian resistance, of maintaining the siege on Gaza, and of ensuring the safety of Israel’s southern towns and settlements. Barring that, there is little that these groups have in common. Yisrael Beiteinu and the ultra-Orthodox parties barely agree on some fundamental issues. For example, Lieberman has been pushingfor a draft law requiring ultra-Orthodox conscription in the Israeli army, which is vehemently rejected by Netanyahu’s religious allies. Although the election performance of Lieberman’s party was hardly impressive, his influence goes beyond numbers. Lieberman had resignedhis post as defense minister last November in protest at Netanyahu’s supposed “capitulation to terror,” but he has formed a strong alliance with the southern towns bordering the besieged Gaza Strip. For years, Lieberman has expressed solidarity with them and, in return, has manipulated this whenever he wishes to pressure or challenge the PM. Lieberman has exploited the notion among residents and settlers in southern Israel and the Occupied West Bank that they are being treated unfairly compared to their compatriots elsewhere. Following a truce between Israeli and Gazan factions last November, for example, hundreds of settlers protestedtheir “second-class status,” demanding greater government support to protect their “security” against attacks from Gaza. Interestingly, these border towns have been at the center of significant economic and demographic growthover the last few years, which has been stimulated by the Israeli government’s investmentsin the area. Despite their incessant complaints, southern Israeli communities have seen constant growth in economic opportunities, and thus population. This fact has placed these areas at the center of Israeli politicians’ radars, with all trying to curry favor with their leaders and obtain the support of their vastly expanding economic sectors. This recent electoral strength has made the demands and expectations of Israeli southern community leaders a focal point in mainstream Israeli politics. It is, therefore, unsurprising that one of Lieberman’s conditions for joining Netanyahu’s coalition is the intensificationof the Israeli siege on Gaza and the liquidationof the Gazan resistance. Although Benny Gantz, the leader of the centrist Blue and White alliance, lost the elections, he also wishes to stay relevant in mainstream politics by appeasing Jewish settlers and the residents of southern Israel. During the Israeli army’s attack on Gaza on May 4, Gantz joined the chorus calling for more Palestinian blood. “We must strike hard, in an uncompromising manner, in any way the army will recommend, with military and intelligence considerations,” he toldIsraeli Channel 13. “We must restore the deterrence that has been eroded catastrophically for more than a year.” Following the deaths of four Israelis as a result of Gaza rockets, Israeli politicians jockeyedto show support for southern residents, demanding yet more violence. The euphoria of support inspired the mayor of Sderot, Alon Davidi, to callfor the invasion of Gaza. The latest attack on Gaza was meant to serve the interests of all of Netanyahu’s possible coalition partners. Alas, although a truce has been declared, more Israeli violence should be expected once the coalition is formed because, in order for Netanyahu to keep his partners happy, he will need to persistently pound Gaza.daily newspaper the .