Russia and the United States have both suspended their participation in the Cold War-era treaty The treaty bans a whole class of nuclear-capable missiles BRUSSELS: The European Union on Sunday urged Russia to ensure continued respect of the Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces (INF) Treaty, after Moscow suspended its participation in the agreement. “We are deeply concerned over developments with regard to the INF Treaty, which could end on 2 August 2019,” EU foreign policy chief Federica Mogherini said in a statement. “The upcoming days represent the last opportunity for dialogue and taking the necessary measures to preserve this important component of European security architecture,” Mogherini added. Russia and the United States have both suspended their participation in the Cold War-era treaty, which bans a whole class of nuclear-capable missiles. Each accuses the other of having violated the accord. On July 3, Russian President Vladimir Putin signed into law a bill formalizing its suspension. Washington meanwhile says it will quit the deal for good on August 2 unless Russia destroys a controversial new missile system it says breaches the accord. Mogherini said the EU strongly urged Russia “to effectively address the serious concerns repeatedly expressed” about the ground-based missile system 9M729. Russia should take “substantial and transparent actions” to ensure compliance with the treaty, she added in the statement. The INF treaty was signed in 1987, toward the end of the Cold War, between US president Ronald Reagan and Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev. It banned ground-launched missiles with a range of 500 to 5,500 kilometers (310 to 3,400 miles). It is considered a cornerstone of the global arms control architecture and its looming demise has triggered fears for the future of the New START treaty between Russia and the United States, which caps nuclear warhead numbers.