Shamsan Castle Situated in the northeast of Abha, Shamsan Castle is a symbol for the heritage of Asir, especially after its recent renovation opened a window onto the history of the region. The castle is situated atop Shamsan Mountain, at an altitude of 2,200 meters above sea level. It was the main gate to Abha from North Aaqabat Al-Shaar, and the first line of defense for the city throughout successive periods. The castle’s overall surface area is 5,389 square meters, across rocky terrain. Its layout is uneven, with a circular tower in the castle’s northern corner. A large rectangular building, it has two further towers and a main entrance on the west side overlooking the city. A 4-meter-wide door in the western wall opens to a central courtyard which is surrounded by rooms and facilities. Most of the castle walls are still intact, despite their age. The castle roof is made from Juniper tree beams, hewn from the western forests of the Asir Mountains.